When was ifc built

Mechanical mezzanines should not be included if they have a significantly smaller floor area than the major floors below. Similarly, mechanical penthouses or plant rooms protruding above the general roof area should not be counted. Note: CTBUH floor counts may differ from published accounts, as it is common in some regions of the world for certain floor levels not to be included e. The number of floors below ground should include all major floors located below the ground floor level.

International Finance Center. Usually involved in the front end design, with a "typical" condition being that of a leadership role through either Schematic Design or Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases. Usually takes on the balance of the architectural effort not executed by the "Design Architect," typically responsible for the construction documents, conforming to local codes, etc.

The Design Engineer is usually involved in the front end design, typically taking the leadership role in the Schematic Design and Design Development, and then a monitoring role through the CD and CA phases. The Peer Review Engineer traditionally comments on the information produced by another party, and to render second opinions, but not to initiate what the design looks like from the start.

Other Consultant refers to other organizations which provided significant consultation services for a building project e. The main contractor is the supervisory contractor of all construction work on a project, management of sub-contractors and vendors, etc. Thursday October 20, Hong Kong, China. It is located at the narrowest crossing of Victoria Harbour, with Victoria Peak in the background. The tower stands apart from the cluster of other high-rise buildings, distinguished by its unique configuration as well as its proximity to the water.

Its obelisk form tapers with subtle setbacks, which evokes a sense of ascension. The tower is clad in reflective glass and vertical window mullions, which trace sharp lines from the base to the top of the building.

The mullions are shaped like airfoils and painted a silver pearl color, causing the building to shimmer and reflect the water nearby. The scrupulous articulation of the curtain wall softens the surface and emphasizes the verticality of the form. Constructed on a square footprint, the floor plan is open, with few structural columns in place. A central core of reinforced concrete holds the primary structure and building services.

The tower employs outrigger laterals for stability, utilizing eight main megacolumns, with small secondary columns in the four corners of the building. These techniques were used to keep the perimeter structure minimal, so as to provide flexible office layouts and to maximize the panoramic views from the tower, making the space as comfortable, beautiful, and efficient as possible. Interview: Irvine Sellar. Irvine discusses Christine talks about Facades form the identity and functionality of high-rise buildings.

There are no results for your search query. Please try a different variation. A Case Study of Hong Kong. Since the concept was first introduced in the s, transit-oriented-development TOD has greatly expanded in East Asian cities such as Hong Kong. Rail stations are This is the fourth record-breaking year in a row, and it brings the Two International Finance Centre.

This paper describes the some of the geotechnical design considerations, the structural design development and construction of the m tower, Two International Finance Centre in CTBUH partnered with Guinness World Records to identify the commercial building with the fastest elevator speeds and longest vertical runs. Delegates from the Congress flew to Hong Kong to visit one of the tallest cities in the world. The second day included a side trip to Shenzhen, including a private tour of KK Sign Up Join Shop Login.

Interactive Map Cities Countries. Calendar Conferences Awards Program. Global Height rank. Download PDF. Coating the individual panels are fitted into each block from within. Pilasters strips ensure a lasting and proper sealing against strong winds. The structure of super columns with header crown, comprising a substantial core connected to eight columns of composite steel tubes filled with concrete girded by a slight secondary frame. The core housing and vertical circulation routes elevators, each comprising four areas of high open-plan floor extending to exceed eight steel columns daunting.

These columns you increase their structural capacity and robustness by filling concrete. Every 20 plants the two vertical systems, columns and core are assembled by a gear overall height, in order to resist wind loads and typhoons. The slender, fluted shape of the building is achieved by the angles of its structure, within which the most esteemed office spaces are created by users. These angles are reinforced by a much lighter secondary system that descends to a transfer structure steel shoring, located above the levels of the podium.

The design and subsequent construction work was organized in a general program, bringing the materials at the time they were to be used, avoiding storage. To prevent the collapse of unstable side in the first drilling on land reclaimed from the sea, a thixotropic mud filling hardens if not altered externally used, but softens if remueve. El core circulation was made of reinforced concrete and structural steel tubing, also filled with concrete, accentuating its structural capacity and robustness.

The different reactions of the two basic structural building materials in the building, are solved in the simplest way possible. Concrete subsides with time, as it hydrates and sits beneath the weight, while steel is dimensionally more stable. Assemblies between the core and vacuum columns topped by super possess loose shims. When the structure is subjected to strong winds in the area, the bearings are pressed and the system is closed, acting in unison.

If it is found that these wedges appear fixed permanently due to the position of the nucleus, during the inspection, which is conducted annually, are replaced by thinner. The curtain wall that lines the tower is slightly reflective glass in combination with more opaque and porous glass that helps visually smooth the surface of the tower. Aluminum components were specially colored pearly silver tone and the whole was warmly rises against Mount and the city.

Mies Memorial Library. And when illuminated, the building's triumphant finials transform into a shimmering beacon welcoming visitors to the city. With almost 3 million square feet of prime business district office space and unusually large floorplates, One and Two ifc are ideally suited to financial institutions who require spacious, open-plan trading floors.

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